![]() ![]() Your surgeon will determine which implant best suits your pet (see the X-Ray to the right). The components are either cemented into the bone or cementless (press fit). The acetabular component is comprised of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, while the femoral component is titanium or cobalt chrome. ![]() It is the same as the operation performed in humans. The goal of the surgery is to improve quality of life by providing pain relief and allowing the pet to return to an active lifestyle. Hip replacement is an excellent procedure that removes the degenerated femoral head (ball) and acetabulum (socket) and replaces them with artificial components. Some dogs needing a THR are as young as 7 months of age. Total hip replacement (THR) restores the function of hip to normal and is the treatment of choice in all breeds of dog as well as cats. First, it can be costly over the lifetime of the pet second, it does not consistently remove pain associated with arthritis and finally, it does not give the pet a biomechanically normal hip allowing full athletic activity (unlike a total hip replacement). Medical management has some long-term disadvantages. glucosamine and chondroitin), and physical therapy. Medical management includes weight reduction, pain management, neutraceuticals/joint supplements (e.g. Once hip dysplasia is diagnosed, the treatment consists of either medical (conservative) or surgical management. What are the treatment options for hip dysplasia? Light sedation helps pain free manipulation of both hips, as the patient has to be placed in dorsal recumbency (on its back) on an X-Ray table and in lateral recumbency (on the side). Hip dysplasia is commonly diagnosed by physical examination and X-Rays. Dogs often bunny-hop or skip when running and tend to be less active than littermates or other household dogs. Presenting symptoms for diseases of the hip include: hind limb lameness (abnormal way of walking in the rear legs, such as favoring one leg over the other), difficulty rising, inability to jump into the car, refusal to use stairs, reluctance to exercise, and a tendency to be very tired after exercise and needing to lay down. Typically, dogs are presented with signs of HD as puppies, while osteoarthritis develops during middle and older ages. Other causes, such as Legg-Calve Perthes disease or hip dysplasia (HD), can be more subtle. An acutely luxated (dislocated) hip can make a patient very painful and unable to walk. The symptoms of hip pain cause changes in a patient’s gait, activity level, and comfort. ![]() Untreated HD leads to degenerative joint disease, better known as “old age osteoarthritis.” The X-Ray to the right shows a dog with severe hip osteoarthritis due to HD. Imagine the joint as a “ball and socket,” with the femoral head being the “ball” and the acetabulum being the “socket.” Increased looseness of the two components of the hip is called hip dysplasia. The hip joint is also called the coxofemoral joint and consists of the femoral head and the acetabulum. Fortunately, all of these diseases are universally treatable, often with total hip replacement. Other diseases of the hip can also occur, including trauma (fractures and dislocation/luxation) as well as Legg-Calves Perthes disease (also called avascular necrosis of the femoral head). HD is inherited, which means that it can pass down the line from parents to offspring. It occurs primarily in large-breed dogs but can also affect small dogs and cats. Hip dysplasia (HD) is the most common disease of the hip joint. The AP of the whole pelvis (not shown on the X-rays on this page) should be fully assessed because pelvic fractures can mimic the clinical features of a hip fracture.Diseases of the hip joint are common. Standard viewsĪP (Anterior-Posterior) pelvis and Lateral hip. Particular care is needed in assessing the X-ray when physical examination is limited, for example if a patient is acutely confused. Repeat X-rays, CT or MRI may be required if pain persists. In this case the X-ray may not show an obvious fracture. It is important to be aware that the common clinical signs of a shortened and externally rotated leg may be absent if the fracture is not displaced. Many hip fractures are clinically and radiologically obvious. Remember to assess the surrounding pelvic bonesįractures of the proximal femur or 'hip' are a common clinical occurrence in elderly, osteoporotic patients.Particular caution is required in the case of acutely confused patients.Not all hip fractures are visible on the initial X-ray and follow-up imaging may be required if concern remains. ![]()
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